A guide for users of the Jaws screen reader, written by David Bailes. More guides are available on the Jaws Guides page of the VIP Software Guides website.
This is a guide to the taskbar on Windows 10, using Jaws 2018 or later, and it has been updated for the Windows 10 October 2018 update, which is being rolled out over a period of time. If you're unsure whether you have this update, you can check this from the version number. To find this, press Windows key, to open the Start menu, type the word winver, and press Enter. An about windows dialog opens, and it includes the version number. After the October 2018 update the version number is 1809, and before it's 1803. A guide to the taskbar for the older version is still available: taskbar 10 version 1803 guide.
The taskbar is a thin bar that normally runs across the bottom of the screen, and contains:
If the focus is the Desktop, or one of the components of the taskbar, then you can cycle round these by pressing Tab. However, in practice, you'll normally use the more specialized keystrokes to move to the items in the taskbar, and which are described in this guide.
In Windows 10, in addition to traditional desktop programs, there are also Windows store apps. These are also often referred to as Universal apps, or modern apps, and are different from traditional desktop programs in a number of ways, including:
Microsoft refer to traditional desktop programs as Desktop apps, and this name will normally be used in this guide.
Using the Start menu, you can:
To open the Start menu, press Windows Key. If you select a menu item and press Enter, then the Start menu automatically closes, just like any other menu. However, if you want to close the menu without choosing an item, you can press Esc or Windows key, which closes the menu and returns the focus to wherever it was before you opened the menu.
Normally, after you've selected an item on the menu, you'll just want to open it by pressing Enter. However, unlike normal menus, the items on the Start menu have context menus. For apps, these include commands for pinning it to the Start menu and Taskbar, which will be referred to in the relevant sections.
The Start menu opens immediately above the left hand end of the taskbar, and is divided into three main columns:
When the Start menu is open, the Search box and Talk to Cortana button on the taskbar behave as if they are part of the Start menu, and the Search box is the initial focus. The Search box can be used for opening apps, and a range of other items, and is described in detail in the Search section of this guide.
After opening the Start menu, the Search box, which appears underneath the All apps list, is the initial focus. To move to other items, you can use the following keystrokes:
This list contains the following items:
Changing the list of places in the start list is described in the Customizing the start menu section. For example, you can include folders like your personal folder, and your music folder.
From the Search box, you can move to the All apps list by pressing Up Arrow, or Down Arrow, or pressing Tab a few times. The list contains:
An item in the “all apps” part of this list is either an individual app, or a folder, which contains a number of items which have been grouped together. For example, the Windows Accessories folder contains apps such as Notepad and WordPad.
For each of the recently added, most used, and suggested groups, you can set whether or not the group is shown, and this is described in the Customizing the start menu section.
As with any list, you can select an item by pressing Up Arrow, Down Arrow, Home and End.
You can type the first character of an app to take you to the first app in the all apps part of the list which starts with that character. Note, however, that typing the character again doesn't take you to any subsequent apps starting with that character. You have to press Down Arrow to select other apps starting with the same character.
By default, each folder is collapsed. You can press Enter to expand it, and then the items which it contains are displayed below it.
You can shut down, sleep, restart and sign out using either the start menu, or the Quick link menu which is described in the following section, and which you may find more convenient.
To Shut down, sleep, or restart, then after you've opened the Start menu:
To Sign out, then after you've opened the Start menu:
The Start button's context menu is called the Quick link menu. You can open it by moving to the Start button, and pressing the Application key, but a much quicker way is simply to press the shortcut for this menu, which is Windows key + X.
The Quick link menu contains a number of useful items, including: apps and features, and a Shutdown or sign out sub menu. The items on the menu all have access keys, so for example to shut down the computer you could press Windows key + X to open the Quick link menu, and then press the letter U twice.
The pinned items are arranged into one or more groups. Each group has a group header, which contains its name, and below this are the pinned items in the group which are laid out as a grid. Each pinned item is represented by a tile, which can have a number of different sizes, as described in the Tiles section below.
In a newly created Windows 10 account there are three groups: Create, Play, and Explore. By default, the pinned tiles list of the Start menu has two columns for displaying groups. The first column contains the Create and Explore groups, and the second column contains the Explore group.
If the number of groups does not exceed the number of columns, then each group is placed in a separate column, and so in effect the groups are in a single row. If there are more groups, then these are added to the bottoms of the columns which already contain one or more groups. The maximum number of columns is three, and you can change the number of columns, as follows. With any item of the Start menu, apart from the Search box, as the focus, you can increment or decrement the number of columns by pressing Ctrl + Right Arrow or Ctrl + Left Arrow respectively.
After opening the Start menu, you can move to the pinned tiles list either by pressing Tab a few times, or by pressing Up Arrow to move to the All apps list, and then pressing Tab once. The initial focus is the group header of the first group.
To move around the pinned tiles:
The pinned items on the Start menu are represented by tiles. These are similar to icons on the desktop, but they can have additional features. Some of the tiles for Windows store apps are live tiles: they can contain information which is updated. For example, the tile for the News app contains a recent news headline.
Tiles can have a number of different sizes:
By default, the tiles for desktop apps are medium square tiles, but the sizes of the Windows store apps vary. You can change the size of the tile of a pinned item by opening its context menu, opening the resize sub menu and choosing a size. Note that on the Resize sub menu, the current size is checked.
You can pin items to the Start menu by choosing Pin to start from their context menu:
When you first add a pinned item, it's added to a new group, rather than to either of the existing default groups. After that, the item is normally added to the last group.
To unpin an item, open its context menu and choose Unpin from Start. For apps, you can do this either in the list of search results produced by using the Search box, in the pinned tiles list, or in the All apps list. For folders, drives, or libraries, you can do this either in the pinned tiles list, or in File Explorer.
There are keystrokes both for moving groups, and moving the tiles within and between groups. All these keystroke coincide with the keystrokes used by Jaws for moving the mouse. So to use the keystrokes for rearranging the pinned items, you have to press the Jaws passthrough key Insert + 3 before you press one of these keystrokes.
To move a group, select its group header, and press Shift + Alt + Arrow key.
Moving a tile within and between groups is not at all easy using Jaws, as it doesn't give you any feedback as to where the tile has moved to, and how other tiles have been moved to accommodate this. The keystrokes are again Shift + Alt + Arrow key, but it may not be worth the struggle.
To name or rename a group:
As well as opening desktop and Windows store apps, you can also perform a number of additional tasks. These are available using an app's context menu, which can be opened after selecting an app either anywhere on the Start menu, or in the list of results produced by using the Search box, which is described in the Search section.
Open the context menu of the app, and choose Uninstall. Note that it appears that not all Windows store apps can be uninstalled.
Open the context menu of the app, and either choose Pin to taskbar, or if that isn't present on the menu, open the More sub menu, and then choose Pin to taskbar.
If there's already a shortcut on the desktop for the app, then you can open the properties dialog of that shortcut to create a keyboard shortcut. However you can create a keyboard shortcut without having to create a desktop shortcut:
You can't create a shortcut on the desktop for a Windows store app using the Start menu. If you open its context menu, there's no menu item to open its file location. However, you can create one using File Explorer, and the instructions are given here for convenience.
When you open the Start menu by pressing the Windows Key, the Search box is the initial focus, and this can be used for opening apps, and a wide range of other items. It can also be used for typing in requests to Cortana, and this will be described in the Cortana section below.
To open most apps, type either all or part of its name into the Search box, and press Enter. You can type in either complete words of the beginnings of words, and whenever there's a pause in your typing, Jaws reads out the best match to what you're typing. As soon as you hear the name of the app, you can press Enter to open it – you don't have to type in the full name.
The following sections describe the use of the Search box in more detail.
The Search box can be used for finding and opening the following categories of items, and the search results are displayed using these categories:
You can limit the search to specific categories, as described in the Searching a specific category section below.
As soon as you type any characters into the Search box, the Start menu is replaced by the Cortana window. A column in this window is directly above the search box, and the search results are displayed in this column. The Cortana window is described in more detail in the Cortana window section below.
You can use either complete words or the beginnings of words as search terms. As you type characters into the Search box, the list of search results is continuously updated. The first result is automatically selected, and whenever you pause after typing, Jaws reads the name of this item, followed by its category. You can open it by pressing Enter. Jaws also reads the phrase “press right to switch preview”. The search result's preview provides one way of accessing alternative actions to simply opening the result, and is described in the More actions section below.
Normally, by either typing in some distinctive search terms, or by typing the full name, you can get the item you want to open to be the first item in the list. However, sometimes there's a need to select other items in the list, so that you can open them. You can do this by using Down Arrow and Up Arrow. Note that these keystroke don't move the focus away from the Search box – if you type in more characters, these appear in the search box.
From all the search results, only about the top eight are shown. The best match or matches are at the top of the list, and the rest are grouped using the categories which were described in the last section, for example apps and settings. Before each of these groups, there is an item which acts as a group heading, and which has the form: Find results in some category. Note that for web results, this item is Find results in search suggestions. If you select one of these items, and press Enter, then the search results are filtered so that only results with that category are shown. Sometimes a group heading is present in the results list with no search results in its category following it. And so in this case, you have to press Enter to see any results in this category.
Most of the time, you'll probably just want to open the item you find. However, other actions are available from a search result's context menu, and its preview.
The commands which are on an search result's context menu depend on the category of the result. For apps, some of the commands were described above in the Additional tasks section, which is in the Start menu section. For files, you can open its location, which opens File Explorer at the location of the file. This can be useful if you don't know where a file has been saved. Note that when you open the context menu, Jaws does not announce that the menu has been opened, you can still select menu items using Down arrow and Up arrow.
As described above, after the name and category of a search result, screen readers read the phrase “press right to switch preview”. If you press Right Arrow, then the focus moves to a preview of the result which is displayed in a column to the right of the search results in the Cortana window. As in the case of a search result's context menu, its preview also depends on the category of the result. For example:
You can limit a search to a specific category, for example, settings or documents, and the following sections describe three ways of doing this. Just use the way that you find most convenient. When you search for documents, the names, properties, and the contents of files are searched, rather than just the names.
Press Windows Key + S to open the Cortana window. Then, before typing in your search terms, pressing Tab three times moves you to the Filter your results tab list. This list is laid out as a row, and appears along the top of the main area of the Cortana window. You can move between the items using Left Arrow and Right Arrow. The list contains tabs for finding results in some of the more common categories, and a more button.
To filter for one of the more common categories, move to the appropriate tab, for example, the documents tab and press Enter to select it. The focus returns to the search box, and you can then type in your search terms.
To find results in other categories, move to the More button, and press Enter to open a menu. Move to the item you want, and press Enter. The focus returns to the search box, and you can then type in your search terms .
If you want to remove the current filter, press Tab twice, to move to the first item in the Filter your results tab list, the All tab, and press Enter.
You can limit a search to a category by typing the category followed by a colon followed by your search terms. For example, if you are looking for a document which is either named fred or contains the word fred, you can type doc:fred. You can use the following words to specify the category which is searched: app, doc, folder, music, photo, setting, video, and web. In addition, if you've signed in with a Microsoft account, then you can also use the words email, and people. Where appropriate you can also use the plural form of these words, so for example, you could search using either app:fred or apps:fred. You can also use document rather than doc, if you really want to type the extra letters.
As mentioned above, before each of the groups in the list of results, there is an item with a name which has the form: Find results in a category, for example, apps. To use one of these items to filter the results, select it, and press Enter.
As soon as you type any characters in the Search box, the Start menu is replaced by the Cortana window, and you can also open the Cortana window directly by pressing Windows key + S. It's called the Cortana window because it can used for interacting with the personal assistant Cortana, as well as for conventional searching. The window opens immediately above the left hand end of the taskbar, and is divided into two main parts:
When the Cortana window is open, the Search box and the Talk to Cortana button on the taskbar behave as if they are part of the Cortana window, and the Search box is the initial focus. Pressing Tab cycles you round: search box, a Talk to Cortana button, the navigation list, and any controls or links in the main area.
This list contains both items for setting which page is displayed in the Cortana window, and items for opening the Settings app at an appropriate page. For both cases, select the item in the list and press Enter. The items in the list are as follows:
Cortana is a personal assistant. You can ask Cortana questions, and ask it to do tasks like setting an alarm or reminder. If you ask it to “tell me a joke”, some of the jokes are even quite good. You can type your requests to Cortana in the Search box, or you can speak them, provided that the computer has either an internal or external microphone.
To be able to respond to many types of requests, Cortana needs your permission to collect and use personal information. When this occurs, Cortana's request for your permission to use some specified personal information appears in the main area of the Cortana window, together with “Sure” and “Maybe later” buttons.
In addition, for many requests, Cortana needs to have access to a Microsoft account. If you've signed into the computer using a Microsoft account, then Cortana automatically has access to this account. However if you've signed in with at Local account, then you'll need to sign in to Cortana with a Microsoft account, which is described the Signing into Cortana with a Microsoft account section.
Cortana sends notifications to the action center for items such as reminders and breaking news about the interests which you've given in Cortana's notebook, which is described below. If you use Microsoft's Edge browser, then on a new Tab, the items are customized according to your interests.
There are a couple of ways that you can indicate to Cortana that it should listen for a request. The first way is to press the Talk to Cortana button:
You can also set Cortana to listen for a request after you have spoken the phrase “Hey Cortana”. How to set whether Cortana responds to this phrase is described in the Customizing Cortana and search section, which is in the Customizing the Taskbar section.
If you open the Cortana windows by pressing Windows key + S, then the window opens at its home page, which includes the following items:
If you type any text into the Search box, then these links are replaced by the relevant search results.
Using Cortana's notebook you can specify which tasks you want Cortana to perform for you, provide personal information to help with those tasks, and edit the lists and reminders which can be managed by Cortana. You can access Cortana's Notebook on the Notebook page of the Cortana window:
The main page of Cortana's notebook contains:
Unfortunately, Jaws does not read which of the two tabs is selected. To select one of the tabs, tab to the tab name and press Enter.
On this tab, you can edit the lists and reminders which are managed for you by Cortana. The tab contains four links:
On this tab, you can specify which tasks you would like Cortana to perform for you, such as keeping you up to date with the news or the weather. In addition, you can supply information to help Cortana with these tasks.
There are a number of links which each open page. The first link is Connected services, and it opens a page which contains links for a number of services, such as outlook.com and Gmail. The text of the link includes whether or not Cortana is connected to that service, and opening the link opens a page where you can either connect or disconnect, as appropriate.
The remaining pages are for specifying which of Cortana's skills you want. They all have the same basic format: a back button, followed by controls for indicating your interests.
To go to a collection of help and tips for using Cortana, press Windows key + S to open the Cortana window, Tab to the “See what Cortana can do” link, and open it. A help and tips page is shown in the main area of the Cortana window, and it contains a series of links for the things which Cortana can help you with. If you Tab to a link and open it, you're taken to a new page which contains a series of links, which are ideas for requests. If you open a link, then Cortana receives that request, and any reply is shown in the main area of the Cortana window. If you want Cortana to read the reply, then speak the request, rather than opening the link. To return to the previous page, press Shift + Tab to move to a back button, and press it.
Assuming the default settings for taskbar buttons, which are described in the Customizing the taskbar buttons section of the Customizing section, a desktop app or a Windows store app has a button on the taskbar if it's pinned to the taskbar, or it's running and has one or more windows open. Using an app's taskbar button you can:
There are two main ways of interacting with the taskbar buttons:
The first taskbar buttons are for the pinned apps. By default, after Windows has been installed, a number of apps are pinned to the taskbar, but you can easily pin and unpin apps as described in the Pinning and unpinning apps section.
Although you may find using the taskbar buttons convenient, you don't have to use them: you can open apps using the Start menu, and there are two other ways of switching to opened windows:
You can use Windows Key + T to cycle round the taskbar buttons. If the focus is not one of the taskbar buttons, then pressing Windows Key + T moves you to the first taskbar button, and if the focus is one of these buttons it moves you to the next button.
Once the focus is one of the taskbar buttons, you can also use these keystrokes to move around the buttons:
When you move to a button, Jaws tells you the number of windows which the app has open:
Note that the number of open windows determines what happens if you press the button using Spacebar, as described in the next section.
If you move to a taskbar button for an app which has one or more windows or tabs open, then a taskbar switcher list box temporarily opens above the button, and this contains the titles of these open windows or tabs, in the order in which they were opened. The focus doesn't automatically move to this list box, but it's used in some of the following tasks, and is described in more detail in the next section.
If a taskbar button is the focus, then:
The task switcher list box automatically opens above an app's taskbar button if the button has the focus, and the app has one or more open windows or tabs.
The list box normally contains the titles of an app's open windows, listed in the order in which they were opened. However, in the case of Internet Explorer, if an open window contains multiple tabs, then there are titles for each of the tabs, rather than just a single title for the window, and these are also listed in the order in which they were opened. Bug Warning: Jaws seems to think that there are three times as many items in this list box as there actually are. So, for example, if there are two items in the list box, then when Jaws reads the first item, it incorrectly says 1 of 6.
The items in the list box are displayed as a row of items, and you can use the following keystrokes in the list box:
The task switcher list box can also temporarily open whilst using the Windows Key + number keystroke, as described in the next section.
There are a number of keystrokes which use the position of an app's button on the taskbar, and you can use the numbers 1 through to 0, which gives a total of 10 possible apps. Normally these are useful only for pinned apps, because their positions are known.
If there is more than one window or tab, you can also switch to any of these, rather than just the first:
You can pin an app to the taskbar either using the taskbar buttons, or from the Start menu.
To pin an app to the Taskbar using the taskbar buttons:
To pin an app to the Taskbar from the Start menu:
So, for example, if you wanted to pin the Control Panel to the taskbar, you could open the Control Panel, press Windows key + T until you get to the taskbar button for the control panel, and then choose Pin to taskbar from its context menu.
To unpin an app from the taskbar, select the pinned app, open its context menu, and choose Unpin from taskbar.
Sighted users can change the order of the pinned apps by dragging them using the mouse. Although, in theory, Jaws users can do this using the Jaws cursor, in practice it's easier just to remove all the pinned apps, and then pin the apps in the order that you want.
For many apps, Windows 10 provides a Jump list, which contains recent or frequently opened items, and can also contain more permanently pinned items. For example, File Explorer's jump list contains frequent locations, and Microsoft Word's contains recent document. If an app has a jump list, then it's included in the context menu of both the app's taskbar button, and the app on the Start menu. So if an item is on an apps jump list you can quickly open it by choosing it on one of these context menus.
A Jump List is divided into one or more sections, and the following sections often appear, and in this order:
Note that in the context menu of an app's taskbar button, Jaws reads the names of these groups as you move about the menu, but this isn't the case in the context menu of an app on the Start menu.
You can select an item using most of the usual keystrokes for a list: Up Arrow, Down Arrow, Home, and End. Unfortunately, you can't use the first character of the item — hopefully Microsoft will fix this.
There are a couple of ways of pinning a frequently used or recent item:
Similarly, there are a couple of ways of unpinning a pinned item:
The notification area contains a clock and an number of icons, which normally represent background programs or services which are running on the computer. In versions of Windows before Windows XP, the notification area was known as the System tray, and Jaws still refers to it using this name.
Each icon normally provides some status information, and allows you to change some of the settings of the program or the service. Examples of icons which are normally present are a speaker(volume) icon, and a network icon. New in Windows 10, there is an action centre icon which provides one of the ways of opening the Action centre, and provides the status information as to whether there are any new notifications in the Action centre. Unfortunately the status of this icon is not currently accessible to users of screen readers. Notifications and the Action centre are both described in the next main section of this guide.
By default, some of the icons are hidden. However, you can either set them all to be shown, or set each icon individually, as described in the Customizing the notification area section of the Customizing section. Normally, it's most convenient to have them all shown.
You can interact with the icons and the clock using either keystrokes which are part of Jaws, or standard Windows Keystrokes, and these are described in the next two sections.
You can access the icons in the notification area by opening the Select a System Tray Icon dialog (Insert + F11), and you can read the time by pressing (Insert + F12), and the date by pressing the latter keystroke twice quickly.
The Select a System Tray Icon dialog contains:
So, for example, to open the volume mixer dialog to adjust the system volume:
Assuming that all the icons are shown, then you can use the following keystrokes to move to an icon.
When an icon is the focus, then a small amount of text appears above the icon, and this is what Jaws reads when you move to an icon. This text is normally either the name or the status of the program or service which the icon represents.
With an icon as the focus:
If there are any hidden icons, then the first item in the notification area is a notification chevron button. If you press this button then a toolbar, which contains the hidden icons, appears directly above the notification area. You can then access all the icons using the arrow keys. However if the button is the focus, you can't use the first character of an icon to move to it.
Note that for a small number of icons, after you have pressed Spacebar, or Enter or Application Key, the mouse pointer is moved to this icon, and this can interfere with the subsequent navigation to the other icons in the Notification area.
From time to time, Windows or an app, may want to draw your attention to some information, such as an update has been installed, or you have a new mail message. This can be done using a notification, which can take the form of one or more of the following:
The notifications sent by apps and from Windows, can be customized in the Settings app, as described in the Customizing notifications section. For each sender, you can set whether or not you want notifications, and if you do, you can set which sorts of notification are sent. The default settings for many, but not all senders are to send all types of notification. In addition, for some apps, the notifications sent by them can be customized in their own settings.
For periods of time when notifications banners and sounds would be an unwanted distraction, a feature known as Focus assist allows you to temporarily control which notification banners and sounds are received. Focus assist is a successor to quiet hours which was available in previous versions of Windows 10, and is described in the Focus assist section below.
A Notification banner is a small window which temporarily appears above the notification area, and it's also often called a toast notification. Jaws automatically reads the content of a notification banner, and while the notification banner is still open, you can move to it by pressing Windows key + Shift + V. By default, notification banners stay open for about 5 seconds before closing, but you can increase this time to give yourself more time if you need to move to them, as described in the Time notification banners remain open section of the Customizing section.
After moving to a notification banner, pressing Spacebar or Enter normally takes you to the app or part of Windows which sent the notification. In addition, a notification banner may contain controls for actions related to the notification, and always includes a dismiss this notification button. You can move between these controls by pressing Tab and Shift + Tab. Once the notification banner is the focus, you can also dismiss it by simply pressing Delete. In rare cases where more than one notification banner is open, if you tab past the dismiss this notification button, you'll move to another notification banner.
The easiest way of opening the Action centre is to use the shortcut Windows key + A. Alternatively you can move to the action centre button in the notification area, and press it. You can close the Action centre by pressing Esc or Windows key + A. The Action centre contains the following controls:
If there aren't currently any notifications, then the list of notifications, and the clear all notifications button are not shown.
When the Action centre opens, the Action centre window is the focus. To move the focus to the first control in the window, you have to press Tab or Down Arrow. If there are any notifications, then the first control is the list of notifications, otherwise it's the collapse/expand quick actions button.
You can cycle round these controls forwards or backwards by pressing Tab or Shift + Tab respectively.
The notifications are grouped by the Windows service or the app which sent them. In the list, the name of the group appears before the notifications in that group, and has the format “Notifications from some group”. By default, for each group, the Action centre keeps only the three most recent notifications, and in addition, some notifications are automatically removed after an appropriate time. So although there are a number of ways of removing notifications manually, you won't normally need to use them.
You can move to all the items in the list using the keystrokes Up Arrow, and Down Arrow. In addition, you can move through just the names of the groups, by pressing Tab or Shift + Tab.
After moving to a notification in the list, pressing Spacebar or Enter normally takes you to the app or part of Windows which sent the notification. In addition, the notification may contain controls for actions related to the notification, and if present, these controls come after one or two buttons, which will now be described.
At the right hand side of each notification in the list, there are one or two buttons, which you can move to by tabbing:
To the right of each group name there's a “Clear all notifications in this group” button. Again, as an alternative to moving this button by pressing Tab and pressing it, you can just press Delete. If you Tab past the button, you'll move to either the next group name, if there is one, or the Collapse/Expand quick actions button.
For each Windows service or app which sends notifications, there is a priority level which determines how near the top of the list of notifications the notifications from that sender appears. So by setting the appropriate priorities, you can ensure that the notifications of most interest are at or near the top of this list. How to set the priorities of senders is described in the Customizing notifications section.
Focus assist allows you to temporarily control which notification banners and sounds are received. The notifications sent to the Action centre are not affected. It has three settings:
You can change the Focus assist setting both manually, and by using automatic rules. One way of manually changing the setting is to use the context menu of the action centre icon in the notification area:
You can also manually change the focus assist setting by going to the focus assist page of the Settings app, and you can do this by searching for focus assist in the Start menu.
You can set focus assist to turn on automatically, triggered by the time of day and for some tasks. The settings for the automatic rules are also on the focus assist page of the Settings app, and are described in the Customizing focus assist section.
In Windows 10, many of the settings for customizing the various parts of the taskbar are to be found in the Settings app. And so this will be described in the next section, before going on to the describe the customizations.
The easiest way of opening the Settings app is by pressing the shortcut Windows key + I. Alternatively, by default it appears in the start list on the Start menu, or you can search for it.
The following sections describe both how to browse the pages of the Settings app, and how to search for settings.
The home page of the Settings app contains:
You can move between the Search box and the list of main categories by pressing Tab. If you move to one of the main categories in the list, and press Enter, then you're taken to a page for that category, and the layout of this page is described in the next section.
The page for each main category contains:
When a main category page opens, the first category in the category list is selected, so if you're interested in the settings for this category, you can just Tab past the list to them. If you're interested in another category, move to it in the list and press Enter, and then you can Tab to the settings.
There are a couple of keystrokes for moving around the Settings app:
A type of control which is used for many of the settings is a control which Jaws reads as being a button. This control behaves like a switch which can be either On or Off, and you can change its setting by pressing Spacebar. Note that whilst Jaws 2018 or later reads the state of the button as On or Off, Jaws 18 or earlier reads the button as being checked if it is On, and just reads the name of the button if it is Off.
You can search for settings from both the home page, and the main category pages. You can move to the Search box either by tabbing, or pressing Ctrl + E. The results includes settings in both the Settings app the Control Panel.
Once you have moved to the search box, there a couple of ways in which the search results can be presented. The first way uses a drop down list:
The second way gives a very similar experience to searching in the Cortana window:
The settings for the Start menu can be found in the Settings App. In the main Personalisation category, there's a Start category which includes controls for the following settings:
There are buttons for each of these, all of which are On by default:
By default, the list of places in the start list are Documents, Pictures, and settings. To changes which places appear in the list, open the “Choose which folders appear on Start” link. You're taken to a page which contains a button for each of the items which can appear in the places list, and these include your personal folder and your music folder.
The settings for Cortana and search can be found in the main Cortana category of the Settings app. You can, as usual, get there either by opening the Settings app, and then opening the main Cortana category, or by searching for Cortana settings. In addition, you can also get to the Cortana page of the Settings app by:
By default, this shortcut is not enabled. In the Settings app, in the main Cortana category, in the Talk to Cortana category, there's a button with the name Let Cortana listen for my commands when I press the Windows logo key + C. You can press Spacebar to change whether this button is On or Off.
In the Settings app, in the main Cortana category, in the Talk to Cortana category, there's a button with the name Let Cortana respond to “Hey Cortana”. Press SpaceBar to change whether the button is On of Off.
If you've signed into Windows using a local account, rather than a Microsoft account, then for Cortana to respond to many requests, you need to sign in to Cortana with a Microsoft account. You can do this either when Cortana prompts you with a sign in page, or whenever you want, by going to the sign in page of the Cortana window:
You can set whether or not Jump Lists include recently or frequently opened items. In the Settings app, in the Personalization main category, in the Start category, there's a “Show recently opened items in Jump Lists on Start or the taskbar” button. This button is On by default.
By default, if there are a number of windows open for the same app, then these are combined into a single button. This is normally the best of option, but you can change it if you want to.
In the Settings app, in the Personalization main category, in the Taskbar category, there's a Combine taskbar buttons combo box, which contains three options:
The settings for the notification area are in the Settings app, where in the main Personalization category, there's a Taskbar category.
To change which icons are shown in the notification area:
The settings for notifications are in the Settings app, where in the main system category, there's a Notifications & actions category.
There's a “Get tips, tricks and suggestions as you use Windows” button, which is On by default.
There's a “Get notifications from apps and other senders” button. If this is Off, then you won't get any notifications from these senders. If it is On then, you can customize the notifications for each sender, as described in the next section.
For each app which sends notifications you can set whether you want to receive notifications, and if so, what type, and the priority they are given in the Action centre. The controls for these settings appear after the heading “Get notifications from these apps”.
For each app, there are a couple of buttons.
The settings which are available if you press the first button are as follows. The first control is a notifications button: if this is Off there will be no notifications of any kind; if it's On, then after this button a number of additional buttons are available which let you specify which types of notification you want. For example, there are buttons for showing notification banners, and playing a sound. In addition, there is a combo box for setting the number of notifications visible in the action centre for this sender, and a series of radio buttons for setting the priority of the notifications in the action centre.
Next to the name of the first button, there's some text which gives a summary of the app's notification settings. When you Tab to the first button, screen readers don't automatically read this text. It can be read using Jaw's touch cursor, but if you want to find out the settings, it's probably just as easy to just press the button to go to the settings page.
You can change the time notification banners remain open both in the Control panel, and the Settings app, and using the latter will be described here.
You can choose both which quick action buttons are shown, and their order, although the latter is not easy using Jaws. These settings are in the Settings app, where in the System main category the settings are in Notifications & actions category.
To choose which quick actions are shown, Tab to the Add or remove quick actions link, and open it. A new page opens which contains a button for each of the quick actions which can be displayed in the Action centre. When the button for a quick action is On, then it is displayed.
The first control in the Notifications & actions category is a list box which contains the quick actions arranged in one or more rows in exactly the same way in which the quick action buttons are arranged in the Action center when they are expanded. You can move between them using the keystrokes Left Arrow, Right Arrow, Home and End. And you can change the position of a quick action in the list by using the keystrokes Shift + Alt + Left Arrow, and Shift + Alt + Right Arrow which move the quick action one position nearer the start or the end of the list respectively.
The settings for Focus are in the Settings app, where in the main system category, there's a Focus assist category.
Three rules are provided for automatically turning Focus assist on: during certain times, when you're duplicating your display to an external monitor, and when you're playing a game.
For each of the three rules, there are a couple of buttons.
The settings which are available if you press the first button are as follows. There is a button for setting the rule to be on or off. If the button is on, then after the button there are a number of additional controls for the rule's settings. For all rules this includes:
After the three pairs of buttons for the rules, there is a check box for whether you want a banner notification sent at the end of a period when focus assist has been automatically turned on, giving a summary of the notifications which have been kept out of your way.
To customize your priority list, open the customize your priority list link, which comes immediately after the Priority only radio button. A Priority list page opens, and this has three sections: Calls, texts, and Reminders; People; and Apps.
In the People and Apps sections there are lists of contacts and apps respectively. If you want to remove an item from one of these lists, press Enter or Spacebar to expand the item, Tab to a remove button that is now shown, and press it.
| Command | Keystroke |
|---|---|
| Cycle round the Start button, type here to search button, talk to Cortana button, task view button, a group of taskbar buttons, notification area, Show desktop button, and Desktop | Tab |
| Open the Start menu | Windows Key |
| Open Quick link menu | Windows Key + X |
| Open the Cortana window | Windows Key + S |
| Start Cortana listening | Windows Key + C, if enabled |
| Task view | Windows Key + Tab |
| Show Desktop | Windows Key + D |
| Maximize a window | Windows Key + Up Arrow |
| Command | Keystroke |
|---|---|
| Cycle round taskbar buttons | Windows Key + T |
| For the focused button: open the app if it's not running; or switch to a single open window or tab; or move to the task switcher list box if there's more than one window or tab open | Enter or Spacebar |
| Cycle forwards through the titles in a task switcher list box | Right Arrow or Tab |
| Cycle backwards through the titles in a task switcher list box | Left Arrow or Shift + Tab |
| Open the Jump List for the focused button | Application Key |
| Open a new instance of the app for the focused button, whether or not the app is already running | Shift + Enter |
| Open a new instance of the app for the focused button, running with administrative privileges | Ctrl + Shift + Enter |
| For an app at a given position: open the app if it isn't running; or switch to a single open window or tab; or switch to first one opened | Windows Key + number (1 through 0) |
| For an app at a given position which has more than than one window or tab open, switch to any window or tab | Hold down the Windows Key and then press a number key to cycle round the titles in the task switcher list box |
| Open the Jump List for an app at a given position | Alt + Windows Key + number (1 through 0) |
| Open a new instance of an app at a given position, whether or not it's already running | Shift + Windows Key + number (1 through 0) |
| Open a new instance of an app at a given position, running with administrative privileges | Ctrl + Shift + Windows Key + number (1 through 0) |
| Command | Keystroke |
|---|---|
| Open the Select a system tray icon dialog | Insert + F11 |
| Read the time | Insert + F12 |
| Read the date | Insert + F12 twice quickly |
| Move to the first icon in the notification area | Windows Key + B |
| Command | Keystroke |
|---|---|
| Open the Action centre | Windows key + A |
| Close the Action centre | Esc or Windows key + A |
| Move to a notification banner | Windows key + Shift + V |
| Dismiss a notification banner which is the focus | Delete |
| Command | Keystroke |
|---|---|
| Open the Settings app | Windows Key + I |
| Open the Settings app at the main Ease of access category | Windows Key + U |
| Open the Settings app at the Taskbar category | Windows Key + T, then Alt + Enter |
| Go back up a level | Alt + left arrow |
| On a main category page, to go from any of the controls for the settings to the list of categories | Backspace |
| Go back up a level, except when on a main category page and the list of categories is not the focus. | Backspace |